# Utilities

> Sector (NAICS 22) — The Sector as a Whole

The Utilities sector comprises establishments engaged in the provision of the following utility services: electric power, natural gas, steam supply, water supply, and sewage treatment and disposal.  Within this sector, the specific activities associated with the utility services provided vary by utility: electric power includes generation, transmission, and distribution; natural gas includes distribution; steam supply includes provision and/or distribution; water supply includes treatment and distribution; and sewage removal includes collection, treatment, and disposal of waste through sewer systems and sewage treatment facilities.

Excluded from this sector are establishments primarily engaged in waste management services classified in Subsector 562, Waste Management and Remediation Services.  These establishments also collect, treat, and dispose of waste materials; however, they do not use sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities.


- **NAICS code:** 22
- **Canonical URL:** https://singulariki.com/industries/22
- **Frame:** "AI exposure" means task overlap, not jobs lost. Figures aggregate over the occupations employed in this industry, each traced to a named public dataset.

## Scale & pay

- **Employment (BLS OEWS, May 2024):** 579,440 across 255 occupations.
- **Typical annual wage (employment-weighted median):** $99,889.

## AI exposure

- **AI task-overlap (employment-weighted across 227 occupations):** 56th percentile (Moderate) — Eloundou GPT-overlap + Felten AIOE; task overlap, not automation.

## Largest occupations

- Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-49-9051-00) — 60,620 employed; $102,050
- Customer Service Representatives (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-43-4051-00) — 26,540 employed; $58,530
- First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-49-1011-00) — 24,670 employed; $122,610
- Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-49-9012-00) — 22,360 employed; $91,370
- Electrical Engineers (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-17-2071-00) — 22,220 employed; $118,170
- Power Plant Operators (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-51-8013-00) — 21,490 employed; $102,950
- General and Operations Managers (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-11-1021-00) — 18,400 employed; $151,370
- Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-51-8031-00) — 16,180 employed; $57,820
- Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-49-2095-00) — 15,140 employed; $104,080
- First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-51-1011-00) — 11,810 employed; $126,140
- Project Management Specialists (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-13-1082-00) — 11,400 employed; $127,550
- Industrial Machinery Mechanics (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-49-9041-00) — 10,060 employed; $96,370
- Office Clerks, General (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-43-9061-00) — 9,250 employed; $57,430
- Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-47-2152-00) — 9,140 employed; $79,090
- Business Operations Specialists, All Other (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-13-1199-00) — 8,750 employed; $105,750
- Electricians (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-47-2111-00) — 8,720 employed; $104,010
- First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-43-1011-00) — 8,460 employed; $97,490
- Maintenance and Repair Workers, General (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-49-9071-00) — 7,720 employed; $72,430
- Accountants and Auditors (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-13-2011-00) — 7,510 employed; $93,100
- Meter Readers, Utilities (https://singulariki.com/roles/role-43-5041-00) — 6,940 employed; $64,090

## Sources

- **O*NET** (30.3) — U.S. Department of Labor / National Center for O*NET Development. https://www.onetcenter.org/database.html
- **BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)** (May 2024) — U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/oes/
- **Census NAICS** (2022) — U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/naics/
- **Anthropic Economic Index** (v4 (2026-01-15) + v2 (2025-03-27)) — Anthropic. https://www.anthropic.com/economic-index
- **“GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.)** (arXiv 2303.10130) — OpenAI / academic. https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10130
- **AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE)** (Felten, Raj & Seamans) — academic. https://github.com/AIOE-Data/AIOE

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_Generated from Singulariki's joined dataset; data snapshot 2026-06-03T03:26:54.804143+00:00. https://singulariki.com/industries/22_