# Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks

> Compute, classify, and record numerical data to keep financial records complete. Perform any combination of routine calculating, posting, and verifying duties to obtain primary financial data for use in maintaining accounting records. May also check the accuracy of figures, calculations, and postings pertaining to business transactions recorded by other workers.

- **SOC code:** 43-3031.00
- **Canonical URL:** https://singulariki.com/roles/role-43-3031-00
- **Also known as:** Account Clerk, Accounting Assistant, Accounting Clerk, Accounts Payables Clerk, Accounting Associate, Accounting Specialist, Accounting Technician, Accounts Payable Clerk
- **Frame:** "AI exposure" means task overlap (how codifiable the work is), not jobs lost or a forecast. Every figure below is traced to a named public dataset.

## What this work is

**Core tasks** (O*NET):
- Operate computers programmed with accounting software to record, store, and analyze information.
- Prepare and process payroll information.
- Check figures, postings, and documents for correct entry, mathematical accuracy, and proper codes.
- Prepare bank deposits by compiling data from cashiers, verifying and balancing receipts, and sending cash, checks, or other forms of payment to banks.
- Comply with federal, state, and company policies, procedures, and regulations.
- Operate 10-key calculators, typewriters, and copy machines to perform calculations and produce documents.
- Receive, record, and bank cash, checks, and vouchers.
- Calculate and prepare checks for utilities, taxes, and other payments.
- Monitor status of loans and accounts to ensure that payments are up to date.
- Reconcile records of bank transactions.
- Compile budget data and documents, based on estimated revenues and expenses and previous budgets.
- Code documents according to company procedures.

## Skills, tools, capabilities

**Knowledge, skills & abilities** (O*NET, highest importance first):
- Customer and Personal Service _(knowledge)_
- Oral Comprehension _(ability)_
- Administrative _(knowledge)_
- Written Comprehension _(ability)_
- Mathematical Reasoning _(ability)_
- Near Vision _(ability)_
- Mathematics _(knowledge)_
- Written Expression _(ability)_
- Oral Expression _(ability)_
- Problem Sensitivity _(ability)_
- Number Facility _(ability)_
- Mathematics _(essential_skill)_

**Skills in demand:**
- Mathematics _(Common Skill)_
- Microsoft Outlook _(Common Skill)_
- Microsoft Excel _(Common Skill)_
- English Language _(Common Skill)_
- Reading Comprehension _(Common Skill)_
- Critical Thinking _(Common Skill)_
- Active Listening _(Common Skill)_
- Writing _(Common Skill)_
- Speech Recognition _(Specialized Skill)_
- Information Ordering _(Specialized Skill)_
- Inductive Reasoning _(Common Skill)_
- Time Management _(Common Skill)_

**Tools & technology:**
- Intuit QuickBooks _(hot technology, in demand)_
- Microsoft Excel _(hot technology, in demand)_
- Microsoft Office software _(hot technology, in demand)_
- Microsoft Outlook _(hot technology, in demand)_
- SAP software _(hot technology, in demand)_
- Adobe Acrobat _(hot technology)_
- Epic Systems _(hot technology)_
- Google Docs _(hot technology)_
- MEDITECH software _(hot technology)_
- Microsoft Access _(hot technology)_
- Microsoft PowerPoint _(hot technology)_
- Microsoft Project _(hot technology)_

## AI exposure & outlook

- **AI task-overlap index:** 88th percentile (High) across all occupations — composite of current-era exposure studies (ai-exposure-index-v1).
- **Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.):** 77th percentile (High) — source: felten_aioe.
- **LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou):** 95th percentile (High) — source: eloundou_gamma.
- **AI assistant applicability (Microsoft):** 78th percentile (High) — source: microsoft_applicability.
- **Frey–Osborne (2013, historical computerization estimate):** 97th percentile — kept separate from current-era studies.
- **Remote-capable (Dingel–Neiman):** yes — task structure, not who actually works remote.
- **Projected employment (BLS 2024–34):** -5.8% growth (Declining); 170k annual openings; 1,613.4k → 1,519.1k jobs.
- **Pay & employment (BLS OEWS, May 2024):** median $49,210; 1,455,770 employed.

## How people actually use AI here

Anthropic Economic Index — measured AI conversations mapped to this occupation's tasks:

- **Automation vs augmentation:** 50% automation, 39% augmentation (usage-weighted).
- **Autonomy median:** 3.0 (higher = AI acts more independently).
- **Dominant collaboration mode:** directive.

**Tasks most handed to AI here:**
- Classify, record, and summarize numerical and financial data to compile and keep financial records, using journals and ledgers or computers. _(4.2% of measured AI use; directive)_
- Perform financial calculations, such as amounts due, interest charges, balances, discounts, equity, and principal. _(3.4% of measured AI use; directive)_
- Compile statistical, financial, accounting, or auditing reports and tables pertaining to such matters as cash receipts, expenditures, accounts payable and receivable, and profits and losses. _(2.4% of measured AI use; directive)_
- Compile budget data and documents, based on estimated revenues and expenses and previous budgets. _(1.4% of measured AI use; task iteration)_
- Calculate, prepare, and issue bills, invoices, account statements, and other financial statements according to established procedures. _(0.5% of measured AI use; directive)_
- Operate computers programmed with accounting software to record, store, and analyze information. _(0.5% of measured AI use; directive)_
- Compute deductions for income and social security taxes. _(0.3% of measured AI use)_

**Example prompts (honest phrasings of the tasks above — starting points, not endorsed instructions):**
- Help me classify, record, and summarize numerical and financial data to compile and keep financial records, using journals and ledgers or computers.
- Help me perform financial calculations, such as amounts due, interest charges, balances, discounts, equity, and principal.
- Help me compile statistical, financial, accounting, or auditing reports and tables pertaining to such matters as cash receipts, expenditures, accounts payable and receivable, and profits and losses.
- Help me compile budget data and documents, based on estimated revenues and expenses and previous budgets.
- Help me calculate, prepare, and issue bills, invoices, account statements, and other financial statements according to established procedures.

## Sources

- **O*NET** (30.3) — U.S. Department of Labor / National Center for O*NET Development. https://www.onetcenter.org/database.html
- **BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)** (May 2024) — U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/oes/
- **BLS Employment Projections** (2024–2034) — U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/emp/
- **Anthropic Economic Index** (v4 (2026-01-15) + v2 (2025-03-27)) — Anthropic. https://www.anthropic.com/economic-index
- **Microsoft “Working with AI”** (working-with-ai) — Microsoft Research. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/
- **“GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.)** (arXiv 2303.10130) — OpenAI / academic. https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10130
- **AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE)** (Felten, Raj & Seamans) — academic. https://github.com/AIOE-Data/AIOE
- **Frey & Osborne (2013)** (frey-osborne-automation) — academic. https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/publications/the-future-of-employment/
- **Dingel & Neiman (2020)** (dingel-neiman-workathome) — academic. https://github.com/jdingel/DingelNeiman-workathome

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_Generated from Singulariki's joined dataset; data snapshot 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00. https://singulariki.com/roles/role-43-3031-00_