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Communication, Journalism, and Related Programs

Field of study · CIP 2020

Communication, Journalism, and Related Programs is one of the fields of study in the U.S. Department of Education's Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP). It contains 24 detailed programs and, through the official CIP–SOC crosswalk, connects to 25 occupations employing about 2,662,820 workers, with a median wage of $73,765. The crosswalk shows which jobs a field of study is related to — not a guarantee of entry.

What the occupations pay

Median annual wage across the occupations this field of study leads to, from BLS OEWS (national, cross-industry, May 2024). The middle range is the 25th–75th percentile of those occupation medians — it describes the field, not any one job or graduate.

Median occupation wage $73,765
Middle range (p25–p75) $65,138 – $104,438
Occupations with wage data 24 of 25

AI exposure of this field of study

Two published studies estimate how exposed each occupation is to today's AI. The OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" study rates the share of an occupation's tasks a large language model (with tools) could speed up by half or more; averaged across the occupations this field of study leads to it is 52% — 86th percentile of all fields of study. The independent Felten/Raj/Seamans AI Occupational Exposure index averages 1.00 here.

Computed across the 23 of 25 occupations this field leads to that carry a published exposure score.

The most-exposed fields of study lead to knowledge, language and analytical work; the least-exposed lead to physical trades and hands-on production. Exposure measures where AI could assist tasks, not a prediction that these jobs will be automated; high exposure most often means augmentation. Bands are comparable across the cluster, education, job-zone and field-of-study tiers (same two studies, same percentile method).

Where this field of study leads

The largest occupations connected to this field by the CIP–SOC crosswalk, by employment. Wage and employment describe the occupation, not an individual.

Occupation Workers Median pay
Managers, All Other 630,980 $136,550
Training and Development Specialists 436,610 $65,850
Public Relations Specialists 280,590 $69,780
Human Resources Managers 215,520 $140,030
Producers and Directors 145,270 $83,480
Web and Digital Interface Designers 111,400 $98,090
Fundraisers 105,930 $66,490
Editors 95,480 $75,260
Public Relations Managers 76,060 $138,520
Health Education Specialists 65,150 $63,000
Community Health Workers 60,730 $51,030
Technical Writers 55,530 $91,670
Photographers 51,230 $42,520
Writers and Authors 47,800 $72,270
Training and Development Managers 44,960 $127,090
News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists 41,550 $60,280
Fundraising Managers 36,920 $123,480
Communications Teachers, Postsecondary 29,260 $77,800
Film and Video Editors 28,860 $70,980
Broadcast Announcers and Radio Disc Jockeys 23,880 $45,680
Media and Communication Workers, All Other 23,590 $71,770
Advertising and Promotions Managers 21,100 $126,960
Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Other 15,040 —
Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes 14,220 $96,310
Proofreaders and Copy Markers 5,160 $49,210

Programs in this field

A sample of the detailed CIP programs within this family. The full family contains 24 programs.

  • 09.0903 Advertising
  • 09.0402 Broadcast Journalism
  • 09.0405 Business and Economic Journalism
  • 09.0909 Communication Management and Strategic Communications
  • 09.0100 Communication, General
  • 09.9999 Communication, Journalism, and Related Programs, Other
  • 09.0406 Cultural Journalism
  • 09.0702 Digital Communication and Media/Multimedia
  • 09.0905 Health Communication
  • 09.0907 International and Intercultural Communication
  • 09.0401 Journalism
  • 09.0499 Journalism, Other
  • 09.0102 Mass Communication/Media Studies
  • 09.0901 Organizational Communication, General
  • 09.0404 Photojournalism
  • 09.0904 Political Communication
  • 09.0900 Public Relations, Advertising, and Applied Communication
  • 09.0902 Public Relations/Image Management
  • 09.1001 Publishing
  • 09.0701 Radio and Television
  • 09.0407 Science/Health/Environmental Journalism
  • 09.0101 Speech Communication and Rhetoric
  • 09.0906 Sports Communication
  • 09.0908 Technical and Scientific Communication

Sources for this page

Every figure above traces to a named public dataset and the exact release below — not hand-written opinion. See the full methodology for what each measure does and does not mean.

Data compiled June 3, 2026. Figures are estimates, not advice.

Cite this page
Plain

Singulariki. "Communication, Journalism, and Related Programs." Singulariki: a source-backed encyclopedia of work. Built from O*NET 30.3; BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) May 2024; CIP-2020 2020; “GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.) arXiv 2303.10130; AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) Felten, Raj & Seamans. Accessed June 7, 2026. https://singulariki.com/programs/communication-journalism-and-related-programs

APA

Singulariki. (2026). Communication, Journalism, and Related Programs. Singulariki: a source-backed encyclopedia of work. Retrieved June 7, 2026, from https://singulariki.com/programs/communication-journalism-and-related-programs

BibTeX 
@misc{singulariki-communication-journalism-and-related-programs,
  title  = {Communication, Journalism, and Related Programs},
  author = {{Singulariki}},
  year   = {2026},
  note   = {O*NET 30.3; BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) May 2024; CIP-2020 2020; “GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.) arXiv 2303.10130; AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) Felten, Raj & Seamans. Accessed June 7, 2026},
  url    = {https://singulariki.com/programs/communication-journalism-and-related-programs}
}

Citations name the underlying public dataset releases — they reflect what this page is built from, not just the URL.