Often handed to AI
Task areas most often handled directively in observed AI conversations — candidates to delegate with light review.
- Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, and market demand. · 0.8%
Architectural and Engineering Managers
Occupation · SOC 11-9041.00
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as architecture and engineering or research and development in these fields.
Also called: Engineering Director · Engineering Program Manager · Project Engineering Manager · Project Manager · Civil Engineering Manager · Electrical Engineering Manager · Engineering Group Manager · Mechanical Engineering Manager · Process Engineering Manager · Architect Manager · Architectural Project Manager · Civil Project Manager (Civil PM)
Job family: Management Occupations
Take this to your AI
A source-stamped Markdown brief of this occupation — paste it into an agent, or fetch
/roles/role-11-9041-00/context.md directly.
AI work map
A fast read on where AI already shows up in this occupation, where it stays a copilot, where humans remain in the loop, and what the labor market is doing. Built from observed Claude.ai conversations mapped to O*NET tasks and from published research — measures of usage and exposure, not advice or predictions that the job is going away.
Use as a copilot
Task areas where people work with AI — iterating, learning, or checking — staying in the loop rather than handing the task off.
- Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients. · 6.4%
- Administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance. · 0.6%
- Direct the engineering of water control, treatment, or distribution projects. · 0.4%
Keep a human in the loop
Task areas where a human was still judged necessary in a large share of observed conversations — not a safety ruling, an observed-need signal.
- Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, and market demand. · 94.7% need a human
- Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients. · 94.7% need a human
- Administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance. · 93.0% need a human
Skills it runs on
The capabilities O*NET rates most important for this occupation — the human ground the work is built on.
See all skills →Market signal
Independent published positions, read together — not a forecast.
- About average employment outlook (+3.8% by 2034)
- 14,500 openings/yr
- Moderate AI exposure
- Observed AI use leans augmentation
- Median pay $167,740/yr
- Can largely be done remotely (teleworkable)
- A reversal from 2013 — rated low automation risk then (13th), high AI task-overlap now (70th)
70th-percentile task overlap — yet about 14,500 openings a year (+3.8% projected, BLS), and observed AI use leans 6630% copilot, not hand-off (AEI) . What exposure means →
AI & job outlook
What today's research says about this occupation's exposure to AI, how AI is actually being used in it, and where employment is headed. These are positions within published studies — measures of exposure and usage, not predictions that this job will disappear.
Exposure to current AI
Each study uses its own scale, so the raw scores are not comparable across rows — the percentile (this job's rank among all U.S. occupations with data) is the comparable figure, and sizes the bars.
| Measure | Rank vs all occupations | Percentile | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) High | 68th | 0.8 | |
| LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) High | 85th | 0.9 | |
| AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) Moderate | 56th | 0.2 |
OpenAI's exposure study scores tasks three ways: with a language model alone (α 0.0), with simple added tooling (β 0.5), and including AI-powered software (γ 0.9). Higher means more of the job's tasks could be done at least twice as fast — not that they will be automated away.
Most of this job's tasks can be done remotely (Dingel–Neiman), which tends to track with higher digital and AI exposure.
Historical automation estimate (2013)
A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
Frey–Osborne probability 0.0 · 13th percentile among occupations · Low
How AI is actually used in this job
Among measured AI assistant conversations mapped to this occupation (Anthropic Economic Index, 2026-01-15), these task types came up most. These are shares of observed AI conversations — not shares of the job, of worker time, or of what could be automated.
| Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients. | 5.0% | |
| Prepare budgets, bids, or contracts. | 2.4% | |
| Develop or implement programs to improve sustainability or reduce the environmental impacts of engineering or architecture activities or operations. | 0.5% | |
| Consult or negotiate with clients to prepare project specifications. | 0.3% |
Job outlook
Independent U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics employment projection for 2024–2034 — a labor-market forecast, not an AI-impact forecast.
| Outlook | About average · +3.8% by 2034 |
| Projected annual openings | 14,500 |
| Employment 2024 → 2034 | 212,500 → 220,500 |
“Annual openings” counts new jobs plus replacements for workers who leave the occupation, so it can be large even when growth is modest.
Where this work sits on the global GenAI gradient
The ILO's 2025 global study scores generative-AI exposure on the international ISCO-08 occupation system, not US SOC. Bridged through the published (and approximate, many-to-many) IBS O*NET-SOC ↔ ISCO-08 crosswalk, this US occupation corresponds to the international occupation below. Exposure here means how much of the work's tasks today's AI can attempt — task overlap, not automation, adoption, or jobs lost.
Architectural and Engineering Managers sits at the 77th percentile of 427
occupations on the global GenAI task-exposure gradient
— exposure rose from 2023 to 2025. Each dot is one occupation; the
ringed one is this work. Exposure is task overlap, not automation or jobs lost.
40% mean task exposure (2025)
77th percentile of 427 placed occupations
+16 pts shift 2023 → 2025
| International occupation (ISCO-08) | Task exposure (2025) | Most tasks fall in |
|---|---|---|
| Research and Development Managers · 1223 | 40% | Minimal |
Read the whole six-band gradient on the GenAI exposure gradient page. The crosswalk is approximate: a US occupation can map to several international ones, and the ILO scores describe the international occupation, not this exact US role.
Working with AI in this job
How people actually apply AI to this occupation's tasks, from Claude.ai (Free and Pro) conversations in the Anthropic Economic Index, 2026-01-15. This is one AI assistant's consumer sample — not all AI, not the whole workforce. Autonomy and the collaboration mix are model-rated estimates; figures below the sample floor are hidden.
| Augmentation vs. automation | 66.3% working with AI · 26.0% handed to AI |
| Most common way people use AI here | Iteration · you and AI go back and forth |
| Typical AI autonomy | 4.0 / 5 · higher = AI acts more independently |
| Used for work (vs. personal / coursework) | 74.0% |
What people delegate to AI
The role's most common tasks in AI conversations, each tagged with how people work with the AI on it. “Usage” is the share of observed conversations, not of the job.
| Task | How | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients. | Iteration | 6.4% |
| Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, and market demand. | Directive | 0.8% |
| Administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance. | Iteration | 0.6% |
| Direct the engineering of water control, treatment, or distribution projects. | Iteration | 0.4% |
Where a human is still needed
Tasks where the model most often judged that a person remained necessary — a useful read on the current boundary, not a guarantee.
| Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, and market demand. | 94.7% | |
| Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients. | 94.7% | |
| Administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance. | 93.0% | |
| Direct the engineering of water control, treatment, or distribution projects. | 80.6% |
What people most often hand AI here
Example prompts phrased from the tasks people most often delegate to AI in this occupation (Anthropic Economic Index). Each shows the underlying measured task and its share of observed AI use. They are suggested phrasings of real tasks — starting points, not endorsed instructions.
-
Help me present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients.From: Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients. · 6.4% of measured AI use · task iteration
-
Help me assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, and market demand.From: Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, and market demand. · 0.8% of measured AI use · directive
-
Help me administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance.From: Administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance. · 0.6% of measured AI use · task iteration
-
Help me direct the engineering of water control, treatment, or distribution projects.From: Direct the engineering of water control, treatment, or distribution projects. · 0.4% of measured AI use · task iteration
Tasks
All 21 tasks O*NET lists for this occupation, ordered by importance. Each links to its own page with AI-exposure and observed-use detail.
- Manage the coordination and overall integration of technical activities in architecture or engineering projects. Core · importance 4.3
- Direct, review, or approve project design changes. Core · importance 4.0
- Consult or negotiate with clients to prepare project specifications. Core · importance 3.8
- Prepare budgets, bids, or contracts. Core · importance 3.5
- Present and explain proposals, reports, or findings to clients. Core · importance 3.5
- Confer with management, production, or marketing staff to discuss project specifications or procedures. Core · importance 3.4
- Assess project feasibility by analyzing technology, resource needs, or market demand. Core · importance 3.4
- Review, recommend, or approve contracts or cost estimates. Core · importance 3.4
- Develop or implement policies, standards, or procedures for engineering and technical work. Core · importance 3.3
- Identify environmental threats or opportunities associated with the development and launch of new technologies. Supplemental · importance 3.3
- Plan or direct the installation, testing, operation, maintenance, or repair of facilities or equipment. Supplemental · importance 3.3
- Establish scientific or technical goals within broad outlines provided by top management. Core · importance 3.2
- Direct recruitment, placement, and evaluation of architecture or engineering project staff. Core · importance 3.1
- Plan, direct, or coordinate survey work with other project activities. Supplemental · importance 3.1
- Perform administrative functions, such as reviewing or writing reports, approving expenditures, enforcing rules, or purchasing of materials or services. Core · importance 3.1
- Develop or implement programs to improve sustainability or reduce the environmental impacts of engineering or architecture activities or operations. Core · importance 3.1
- Evaluate the environmental impacts of engineering, architecture, or research and development activities. Core · importance 3.0
- Evaluate environmental regulations or social pressures related to environmental issues to inform strategic or operational decision-making. Supplemental · importance 2.9
- Solicit project support by conferring with officials or providing information to the public. Supplemental · importance 2.9
- Administer highway planning, construction, or maintenance. Supplemental
- Direct the engineering of water control, treatment, or distribution projects. Supplemental
Work activities
- Confer with organizational members to accomplish work activities.
- Direct facility maintenance or repair activities.
- Communicate organizational information to customers or other stakeholders.
- Negotiate project specifications.
- Implement organizational process or policy changes.
- Develop sustainable organizational policies or practices.
- Analyze impact of legal or regulatory changes.
- Evaluate environmental impact of operational or development activities.
- Identify environmental concerns.
- Manage construction activities.
- Analyze data to determine project feasibility.
- Manage operations, research, or logistics projects.
- Prepare financial documents, reports, or budgets.
- Prepare operational budgets.
- Estimate demand for products or services.
- Analyze market research data.
- Manage human resources activities.
- Approve expenditures.
- Develop organizational policies or programs.
- Develop operating strategies, plans, or procedures.
- Purchase materials, equipment, or other resources.
- Develop organizational goals or objectives.
- Present information to the public.
- Promote products, services, or programs.
- Communicate with government agencies.
Knowledge, skills & abilities
O*NET importance rating, from 1 (not important) to 5 (extremely important).
Knowledge
| Design | 4.3 | |
| Engineering and Technology | 4.3 | |
| Mathematics | 3.9 | |
| Administration and Management | 3.9 | |
| English Language | 3.9 | |
| Customer and Personal Service | 3.8 | |
| Mechanical | 3.7 | |
| Computers and Electronics | 3.4 |
Abilities
| Written Comprehension | 4.3 | |
| Oral Comprehension | 4.1 | |
| Oral Expression | 4.1 | |
| Speech Clarity | 4.0 | |
| Written Expression | 3.9 | |
| Problem Sensitivity | 3.9 | |
| Deductive Reasoning | 3.9 | |
| Inductive Reasoning | 3.9 | |
| Mathematical Reasoning | 3.9 | |
| Fluency of Ideas | 3.8 | |
| Information Ordering | 3.8 | |
| Visualization | 3.8 | |
| Near Vision | 3.8 | |
| Speech Recognition | 3.8 | |
| Originality | 3.6 | |
| Number Facility | 3.4 |
Essential skills
| Reading Comprehension | 4.1 | |
| Active Listening | 4.0 | |
| Writing | 4.0 | |
| Speaking | 4.0 | |
| Mathematics | 3.9 | |
| Critical Thinking | 3.9 | |
| Active Learning | 3.9 | |
| Monitoring | 3.8 | |
| Learning Strategies | 3.3 |
Transferable skills
| Complex Problem Solving | 4.0 | |
| Judgment and Decision Making | 3.9 | |
| Time Management | 3.9 | |
| Coordination | 3.8 | |
| Social Perceptiveness | 3.5 | |
| Instructing | 3.3 | |
| Service Orientation | 3.3 |
Skills in demand
Skills employers ask for in job postings for this occupation (Lightcast), with whether each is a common or specialized skill.
Showing the top 40 of 76.
Tools & technology
Showing the top 40 of 127.
Work context
How characteristic each condition is of the job, on O*NET's 1–5 context scale (higher = more present in day-to-day work). Each condition links to how it varies across all occupations.
How to get in
- Job zone
- Zone 5 — Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed
- Education
- Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).
- Typical entry-level education
- Bachelor's degree · BLS, the typical path — not a requirement
- Related experience
- Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.
- Preparation level
- SVP (8.0 and above) — total schooling plus on-the-job experience.
What to study: Architecture and Related Services , Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services , Engineering , Engineering/Engineering-Related Technologies/Technicians , Physical Sciences . Fields of study crosswalked to this occupation (NCES CIP–SOC), not a requirement.
Education of current workers
Share of people in this occupation at each level of education.
| Bachelor's Degree | 45.5% | |
| Master's Degree | 27.0% | |
| First Professional Degree | 12.2% | |
| Post-Master's Certificate | 11.8% | |
| Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree) | 1.1% | |
| Post-Baccalaureate Certificate | 1.1% | |
| Doctoral Degree | 1.1% |
Interests & work styles
The interests and personal qualities O*NET associates with people who do this work.
Work styles
| Dependability | 10.0 | |
| Attention to Detail | 9.0 | |
| Integrity | 8.0 | |
| Cautiousness | 7.0 | |
| Intellectual Curiosity | 6.0 | |
| Achievement Orientation | 5.0 | |
| Innovation | 4.0 | |
| Leadership Orientation | 3.0 |
Career interests (Holland / RIASEC)
| Enterprising | 6.4 | |
| Investigative | 4.6 | |
| Conventional | 4.4 |
Interest areas
| Management/Administration | 6.3 | |
| Business Initiatives | 5.3 | |
| Engineering | 5.0 | |
| Public Speaking | 3.8 | |
| Mathematics/Statistics | 3.3 |
Wages & employment
U.S. · annual wages (BLS OEWS)
| 10th percentile | $111,450 |
| 25th percentile | $134,930 |
| Median (50th) | $167,740 |
| 75th percentile | $207,210 |
| 90th percentile | — |
| People employed | 210,340 |
Industries that employ this occupation
Where these workers are employed, by number of jobs (national, BLS OEWS). Pay shown is the occupation's national median, not industry-specific.
| Industry | Workers | National median pay |
|---|---|---|
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services · Sector | 77,010 | $169,210 |
| Manufacturing · Sector | 73,820 | $166,850 |
| Engineering Services · National industry | 44,790 | $167,720 |
| Management of Companies and Enterprises · Sector | 11,580 | $173,200 |
| Wholesale Trade · Sector | 8,030 | $167,760 |
| Utilities · Sector | 4,690 | $165,300 |
| Construction · Sector | 4,050 | $153,510 |
| Information · Sector | 3,470 | $204,010 |
| Transportation and Warehousing · Sector | 2,320 | $169,200 |
| Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction · Sector | 1,880 | $206,480 |
| Testing Laboratories and Services · National industry | 1,800 | $143,730 |
| Finance and Insurance · Sector | 930 | $175,620 |
Where this work is most concentrated
Industries where this occupation is far more common than in the economy as a whole. The location quotient is how many times more concentrated it is here (a value of 5 means five times its economy-wide share).
| Industry | Concentration | Workers |
|---|---|---|
| Engineering Services · National industry | 28.4× | 44,790 |
| Nuclear Electric Power Generation · National industry | 13.62× | 690 |
| Wind Electric Power Generation · National industry | 12.55× | 170 |
| Solar Electric Power Generation · National industry | 10.51× | 200 |
| Testing Laboratories and Services · National industry | 7.74× | 1,800 |
| Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation · National industry | 6.68× | 650 |
| Utilities · Sector | 5.93× | 4,690 |
| Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services · Sector | 5.24× | 77,010 |
Related occupations
Part of the Advanced Manufacturing , Agriculture , Arts, Entertainment, & Design , Construction and Energy & Natural Resources career clusters.
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Side-by-side comparisons place two occupations’ pay, preparation, skills, and AI exposure on the same page — same data, same scale, no forecast.
What you can do with this
Options the data surfaces for Architectural and Engineering Managers — not advice or a forecast. Each is a real cross-link you can follow into the evidence.
Skills that travel
Capabilities this work builds that are used across many other occupations.
Adjacent roles
Occupations O*NET rates as related — the nearby moves on the map.
Paths in
How people typically prepare for this work.
- Bachelor's degree · typical entry level
- Job zone 5 — Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed · preparation tier
- Architecture and Related Services · field of study
- Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services · field of study
Zoom out
On the global GenAI exposure gradient this work sits around the 77th percentile of 427 international occupations.
Write a report on thisheadline · factoids · citation
Architectural and Engineering Managers show 70th-percentile AI task overlap — and about 14,500 annual U.S. openings
- Architectural and Engineering Managers rank in the 70th percentile (High band) for AI task overlap across U.S. occupations — a measure of how much of the work today's AI can attempt, not how much is automated.Eloundou et al. (GPTs are GPTs) + Felten AIOE
- The occupation is projected to see about 14,500 U.S. job openings per year (2024–34), counting growth and replacement — a labor-demand projection made independently of AI.BLS Employment Projections 2024–34
- BLS projects employment to be about average (+3.8%) from 2024 to 2034.BLS Employment Projections 2024–34
- Median annual pay is $167,740, across about 210,340 U.S. workers.BLS OEWS (May 2024)
- Of the AI use actually observed for this work, 66% looks like augmentation (drafting, iterating, checking) rather than hands-off automation — from a Claude.ai usage sample, not a census.2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2
Copy the whole kit
Architectural and Engineering Managers show 70th-percentile AI task overlap — and about 14,500 annual U.S. openings • Architectural and Engineering Managers rank in the 70th percentile (High band) for AI task overlap across U.S. occupations — a measure of how much of the work today's AI can attempt, not how much is automated. (Eloundou et al. (GPTs are GPTs) + Felten AIOE) • The occupation is projected to see about 14,500 U.S. job openings per year (2024–34), counting growth and replacement — a labor-demand projection made independently of AI. (BLS Employment Projections 2024–34) • BLS projects employment to be about average (+3.8%) from 2024 to 2034. (BLS Employment Projections 2024–34) • Median annual pay is $167,740, across about 210,340 U.S. workers. (BLS OEWS (May 2024)) • Of the AI use actually observed for this work, 66% looks like augmentation (drafting, iterating, checking) rather than hands-off automation — from a Claude.ai usage sample, not a census. (2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2) Source: Singulariki — "Architectural and Engineering Managers". https://singulariki.com/roles/role-11-9041-00 Note: AI task overlap measures what today's AI can attempt, not automation, job loss, or a forecast.
AssetsShare imageMethodology & sourcesPress & newsroomThe newsroom
Every line is built only from figures this page already shows and cites. AI task overlap means what today's AI can attempt — not automation, job loss, or a forecast.
Sources for this page
Every figure above traces to a named public dataset and the exact release below — not hand-written opinion. See the full methodology for what each measure does and does not mean.
- O*NET 30.3 U.S. Department of Labor / National Center for O*NET Development
- BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) May 2024 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- BLS Employment Projections 2024–2034 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Anthropic Economic Index v4 (2026-01-15) + v2 (2025-03-27) Anthropic
- Microsoft “Working with AI” working-with-ai Microsoft Research
- “GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.) arXiv 2303.10130 OpenAI / academic
- AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) Felten, Raj & Seamans academic
- ILO / Gmyrek et al. GenAI exposure gradient 2025 International Labour Organization
- IBS O*NET-SOC ↔ ISCO-08 occupation crosswalk 2022 Institute for Structural Research (IBS)
- Frey & Osborne (2013) frey-osborne-automation academic
- Dingel & Neiman (2020) dingel-neiman-workathome academic
Data compiled June 2, 2026. Figures are estimates, not advice.
Cite this page
Plain
Singulariki. "Architectural and Engineering Managers." Singulariki: a source-backed encyclopedia of work. Built from O*NET 30.3; BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) May 2024; BLS Employment Projections 2024–2034; Anthropic Economic Index v4 (2026-01-15) + v2 (2025-03-27); Microsoft “Working with AI” working-with-ai; “GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.) arXiv 2303.10130; AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) Felten, Raj & Seamans; ILO / Gmyrek et al. GenAI exposure gradient 2025; IBS O*NET-SOC ↔ ISCO-08 occupation crosswalk 2022; Frey & Osborne (2013) frey-osborne-automation; Dingel & Neiman (2020) dingel-neiman-workathome. Accessed June 7, 2026. https://singulariki.com/roles/role-11-9041-00
APA
Singulariki. (2026). Architectural and Engineering Managers. Singulariki: a source-backed encyclopedia of work. Retrieved June 7, 2026, from https://singulariki.com/roles/role-11-9041-00
BibTeX
@misc{singulariki-role-11-9041-00,
title = {Architectural and Engineering Managers},
author = {{Singulariki}},
year = {2026},
note = {O*NET 30.3; BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) May 2024; BLS Employment Projections 2024–2034; Anthropic Economic Index v4 (2026-01-15) + v2 (2025-03-27); Microsoft “Working with AI” working-with-ai; “GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.) arXiv 2303.10130; AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) Felten, Raj & Seamans; ILO / Gmyrek et al. GenAI exposure gradient 2025; IBS O*NET-SOC ↔ ISCO-08 occupation crosswalk 2022; Frey & Osborne (2013) frey-osborne-automation; Dingel & Neiman (2020) dingel-neiman-workathome. Accessed June 7, 2026},
url = {https://singulariki.com/roles/role-11-9041-00}
} Citations name the underlying public dataset releases — they reflect what this page is built from, not just the URL.