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Singulariki

Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products

Occupation · SOC 41-4012.00

Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers to businesses or groups of individuals. Work requires substantial knowledge of items sold.

Also called: Outside Sales Representative · Sales Consultant · Sales Representative (Sales Rep) · Salesman · Account Representative · Customer Account Technician · Inside Salesperson · Route Sales Representative · Sales Professional · Salesperson · Account Specialist · Agricultural Produce Commission Agent

Job family: Sales and Related Occupations

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A source-stamped Markdown brief of this occupation — paste it into an agent, or fetch /roles/role-41-4012-00/context.md directly.

AI work map

A fast read on where AI already shows up in this occupation, where it stays a copilot, where humans remain in the loop, and what the labor market is doing. Built from observed Claude.ai conversations mapped to O*NET tasks and from published research — measures of usage and exposure, not advice or predictions that the job is going away.

Often handed to AI

Task areas most often handled directively in observed AI conversations — candidates to delegate with light review.

  • Perform administrative duties, such as preparing sales budgets and reports, keeping sales records, and filing expense account reports. · 0.8%
  • Identify prospective customers by using business directories, following leads from existing clients, participating in organizations and clubs, and attending trade shows and conferences. · 0.5%
  • Monitor market conditions, product innovations, and competitors' products, prices, and sales. · 0.4%
See how AI is used here →

Use as a copilot

Task areas where people work with AI — iterating, learning, or checking — staying in the loop rather than handing the task off.

  • Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms. · 12.6%
  • Recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests. · 1.1%
  • Prepare sales contracts and order forms. · 0.4%
See collaboration patterns →

Keep a human in the loop

Task areas where a human was still judged necessary in a large share of observed conversations — not a safety ruling, an observed-need signal.

  • Recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests. · 100.0% need a human
  • Identify prospective customers by using business directories, following leads from existing clients, participating in organizations and clubs, and attending trade shows and conferences. · 100.0% need a human
  • Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms. · 99.8% need a human
See the boundary tasks →

89th-percentile task overlap — yet about 114,800 openings a year (+0.3% projected, BLS), and observed AI use leans 5475% copilot, not hand-off (AEI) . What exposure means →

AI & job outlook

What today's research says about this occupation's exposure to AI, how AI is actually being used in it, and where employment is headed. These are positions within published studies — measures of exposure and usage, not predictions that this job will disappear.

Exposure to current AI

Each study uses its own scale, so the raw scores are not comparable across rows — the percentile (this job's rank among all U.S. occupations with data) is the comparable figure, and sizes the bars.

Measure Rank vs all occupations Percentile Score
Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) High 68th 0.8
LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) High 95th 1.0
AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) High 89th 0.3

OpenAI's exposure study scores tasks three ways: with a language model alone (α 0.2), with simple added tooling (β 0.6), and including AI-powered software (γ 1.0). Higher means more of the job's tasks could be done at least twice as fast — not that they will be automated away.

Most of this job's tasks can be done remotely (Dingel–Neiman), which tends to track with higher digital and AI exposure.

Historical automation estimate (2013)

A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.

Frey–Osborne probability 0.8 · 71st percentile among occupations · High

How AI is actually used in this job

Among measured AI assistant conversations mapped to this occupation (Anthropic Economic Index, 2026-01-15), these task types came up most. These are shares of observed AI conversations — not shares of the job, of worker time, or of what could be automated.

Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms. 9.2%
Monitor market conditions, product innovations, and competitors' products, prices, and sales. 0.8%
Prepare drawings, estimates, and bids that meet specific customer needs. 0.6%
Plan, assemble, and stock product displays in retail stores, or make recommendations to retailers regarding product displays, promotional programs, and advertising. 0.4%
Recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests. 0.3%
Identify prospective customers by using business directories, following leads from existing clients, participating in organizations and clubs, and attending trade shows and conferences. 0.2%

Job outlook

Independent U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics employment projection for 2024–2034 — a labor-market forecast, not an AI-impact forecast.

Outlook About average · +0.3% by 2034
Projected annual openings 114,800
Employment 2024 → 2034 1,310,500 → 1,314,900

“Annual openings” counts new jobs plus replacements for workers who leave the occupation, so it can be large even when growth is modest.

Where this work sits on the global GenAI gradient

The ILO's 2025 global study scores generative-AI exposure on the international ISCO-08 occupation system, not US SOC. Bridged through the published (and approximate, many-to-many) IBS O*NET-SOC ↔ ISCO-08 crosswalk, this US occupation corresponds to the international occupation below. Exposure here means how much of the work's tasks today's AI can attempt — task overlap, not automation, adoption, or jobs lost.

49% mean task exposure (2025)
87th percentile of 427 placed occupations
−14 pts shift 2023 → 2025
International occupation (ISCO-08) Task exposure (2025) Most tasks fall in
Commercial Sales Representatives · 3322 49% Gradient 2

Read the whole six-band gradient on the GenAI exposure gradient page. The crosswalk is approximate: a US occupation can map to several international ones, and the ILO scores describe the international occupation, not this exact US role.

Working with AI in this job

How people actually apply AI to this occupation's tasks, from Claude.ai (Free and Pro) conversations in the Anthropic Economic Index, 2026-01-15. This is one AI assistant's consumer sample — not all AI, not the whole workforce. Autonomy and the collaboration mix are model-rated estimates; figures below the sample floor are hidden.

Augmentation vs. automation 54.8% working with AI · 40.1% handed to AI
Most common way people use AI here Directive · AI does it; you give the instruction
Typical AI autonomy 3.0 / 5 · higher = AI acts more independently
Used for work (vs. personal / coursework) 14.5%

What people delegate to AI

The role's most common tasks in AI conversations, each tagged with how people work with the AI on it. “Usage” is the share of observed conversations, not of the job.

Task How Usage
Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms. Learning 12.6%
Recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests. Iteration 1.1%
Perform administrative duties, such as preparing sales budgets and reports, keeping sales records, and filing expense account reports. Directive 0.8%
Identify prospective customers by using business directories, following leads from existing clients, participating in organizations and clubs, and attending trade shows and conferences. Directive 0.5%
Monitor market conditions, product innovations, and competitors' products, prices, and sales. Directive 0.4%
Prepare sales contracts and order forms. Iteration 0.4%

Where a human is still needed

Tasks where the model most often judged that a person remained necessary — a useful read on the current boundary, not a guarantee.

Recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests. 100.0%
Identify prospective customers by using business directories, following leads from existing clients, participating in organizations and clubs, and attending trade shows and conferences. 100.0%
Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms. 99.8%
Monitor market conditions, product innovations, and competitors' products, prices, and sales. 97.4%
Perform administrative duties, such as preparing sales budgets and reports, keeping sales records, and filing expense account reports. 94.7%
Prepare sales contracts and order forms. 94.6%

What people most often hand AI here

Example prompts phrased from the tasks people most often delegate to AI in this occupation (Anthropic Economic Index). Each shows the underlying measured task and its share of observed AI use. They are suggested phrasings of real tasks — starting points, not endorsed instructions.

  • Help me answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms.

    From: Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms. · 12.6% of measured AI use · learning

  • Help me recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests.

    From: Recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests. · 1.1% of measured AI use · task iteration

  • Help me perform administrative duties, such as preparing sales budgets and reports, keeping sales records, and filing expense account reports.

    From: Perform administrative duties, such as preparing sales budgets and reports, keeping sales records, and filing expense account reports. · 0.8% of measured AI use · directive

  • Help me identify prospective customers by using business directories, following leads from existing clients, participating in organizations and clubs, and attending trade shows and conferences.

    From: Identify prospective customers by using business directories, following leads from existing clients, participating in organizations and clubs, and attending trade shows and conferences. · 0.5% of measured AI use · directive

Tasks

All 19 tasks O*NET lists for this occupation, ordered by importance. Each links to its own page with AI-exposure and observed-use detail.

Work activities

Knowledge, skills & abilities

O*NET importance rating, from 1 (not important) to 5 (extremely important).

Knowledge

Sales and Marketing 4.9
Customer and Personal Service 4.8
English Language 4.4
Mathematics 3.9
Transportation 3.7
Computers and Electronics 3.2
Administration and Management 2.9
Communications and Media 2.8
Telecommunications 2.6
Psychology 2.6

Essential skills

Active Listening 4.0
Speaking 4.0
Critical Thinking 3.5
Reading Comprehension 3.4
Writing 3.3
Active Learning 3.1
Monitoring 3.1

Abilities

Oral Expression 4.0
Oral Comprehension 3.9
Speech Clarity 3.9
Written Comprehension 3.8
Speech Recognition 3.8
Written Expression 3.6
Fluency of Ideas 3.1
Problem Sensitivity 3.1
Deductive Reasoning 3.1
Information Ordering 3.1
Category Flexibility 3.1
Near Vision 3.1
Originality 3.0
Inductive Reasoning 3.0

Transferable skills

Social Perceptiveness 3.8
Persuasion 3.8
Negotiation 3.8
Coordination 3.1
Service Orientation 3.1
Complex Problem Solving 3.1
Judgment and Decision Making 3.1
Time Management 3.0
Instructing 2.8

Skills in demand

Skills employers ask for in job postings for this occupation (Lightcast), with whether each is a common or specialized skill.

Showing the top 40 of 84.

Tools & technology

Example Category
Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet software Hot technology In demand
Microsoft Office software Office suite software Hot technology In demand
Microsoft Outlook Electronic mail software Hot technology In demand
Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation software Hot technology In demand
Salesforce software Customer relationship management CRM software Hot technology In demand
Adobe Acrobat Document management software Hot technology
Adobe Creative Cloud software Graphics or photo imaging software Hot technology
Adobe Illustrator Graphics or photo imaging software Hot technology
Adobe InDesign Desktop publishing software Hot technology
Adobe Photoshop Graphics or photo imaging software Hot technology
Apple macOS Operating system software Hot technology
Autodesk AutoCAD Computer aided design CAD software Hot technology
Cisco Webex Video conferencing software Hot technology
Eclipse IDE Development environment software Hot technology
Epic Systems Medical software Hot technology
ESRI ArcGIS software Geographic information system Hot technology
Extensible markup language XML Enterprise application integration software Hot technology
Facebook Web page creation and editing software Hot technology
Google Analytics Data mining software Hot technology
Google Docs Word processing software Hot technology
HubSpot software Sales and marketing software Hot technology
Hypertext markup language HTML Web platform development software Hot technology
IBM SPSS Statistics Analytical or scientific software Hot technology
Intuit QuickBooks Accounting software Hot technology
Marketo Marketing Automation Sales and marketing software Hot technology
Microsoft Access Data base user interface and query software Hot technology
Microsoft Project Project management software Hot technology
Microsoft SharePoint Document management software Hot technology
Microsoft Teams Project management software Hot technology
Microsoft Visio Process mapping and design software Hot technology
Microsoft Visual Basic Development environment software Hot technology
Microsoft Windows Operating system software Hot technology
Microsoft Word Word processing software Hot technology
Mozilla Firefox Internet browser software Hot technology
Oracle Database Data base user interface and query software Hot technology
Oracle PeopleSoft Enterprise resource planning ERP software Hot technology
Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management Project management software Hot technology
SAP software Enterprise resource planning ERP software Hot technology
SAS Analytical or scientific software Hot technology
Slack Cloud-based data access and sharing software Hot technology

Showing the top 40 of 138.

Work context

How characteristic each condition is of the job, on O*NET's 1–5 context scale (higher = more present in day-to-day work). Each condition links to how it varies across all occupations.

Contact With Others 5.0
Telephone Conversations 5.0
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team 4.9
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General 4.9
E-Mail 4.8
Frequency of Decision Making 4.7
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams 4.7
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled 4.6
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals 4.6
Freedom to Make Decisions 4.5
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment 4.3
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities 4.3
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results 4.3
Level of Competition 4.0
Time Pressure 3.8
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate 3.8
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People 3.6
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks 3.4
Written Letters and Memos 3.4
Spend Time Sitting 3.4
Conflict Situations 3.3
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers 3.2
Physical Proximity 3.1
Exposed to Contaminants 3.0
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions 2.7
Spend Time Standing 2.7
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures 2.5
Spend Time Walking or Running 2.5
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions 2.5
Degree of Automation 2.4
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls 2.4
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body 2.3
Health and Safety of Other Workers 2.3
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable 2.2
Public Speaking 2.1
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling 1.9
Consequence of Error 1.9
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets 1.8
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions 1.7
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled 1.7

How to get in

Job zone
Zone 4 — Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed
Education
Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.
Typical entry-level education
High school diploma or equivalent · BLS, the typical path — not a requirement
Related experience
A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.
Preparation level
SVP (7.0 to < 8.0) — total schooling plus on-the-job experience.

What to study: Agriculture, Agriculture Operations, and Related Sciences , Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services . Fields of study crosswalked to this occupation (NCES CIP–SOC), not a requirement.

Education of current workers

Share of people in this occupation at each level of education.

Some College Courses 14.2%
Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree) 4.0%

Interests & work styles

The interests and personal qualities O*NET associates with people who do this work.

Work styles

Dependability 7.0
Achievement Orientation 6.0
Social Orientation 5.0
Perseverance 4.0
Optimism 3.0
Self-Confidence 2.4

Interest areas

Sales 6.7
Business Initiatives 4.2
Public Speaking 4.1
Marketing/Advertising 3.7
Management/Administration 2.4
Office Work 2.4

Career interests (Holland / RIASEC)

Enterprising 6.1
Conventional 4.9
Social 2.7
Realistic 2.6

Wages & employment

U.S. · annual wages (BLS OEWS)

$38k10th$49k25th$67kMedian$98k75th$134k90th
Annual wages by percentile — U.S. (BLS OEWS). The light band spans the 10th–90th percentile; the darker band is the middle half (25th–75th); the line is the median.
1.31M20241.31M2034 (proj.)+0.3% · About average
Projected U.S. employment, 2024–2034 (BLS Employment Projections). A labor-market forecast for the occupation, not an AI-impact forecast.
10th percentile $37,860
25th percentile $49,040
Median (50th) $66,780
75th percentile $97,570
90th percentile $134,470
People employed 1,266,860

Industries that employ this occupation

Where these workers are employed, by number of jobs (national, BLS OEWS). Pay shown is the occupation's national median, not industry-specific.

Industry Workers National median pay
Wholesale Trade · Sector 808,710 $65,110
Manufacturing · Sector 233,840 $75,900
Retail Trade · Sector 79,040 $57,130
Management of Companies and Enterprises · Sector 32,120 $79,190
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services · Sector 22,470 $76,620
Construction · Sector 18,190 $68,270
Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services · Sector 18,070 $62,840
Information · Sector 14,810 $78,470
Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers · National industry 13,640 $62,230
Transportation and Warehousing · Sector 11,030 $62,290
Real Estate and Rental and Leasing · Sector 10,280 $59,890
Other Services (except Public Administration) · Sector 7,800 $60,060

Where this work is most concentrated

Industries where this occupation is far more common than in the economy as a whole. The location quotient is how many times more concentrated it is here (a value of 5 means five times its economy-wide share).

Industry Concentration Workers
Wholesale Trade · Sector 16.31× 808,710
Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers · National industry 14.55× 13,640
Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing · National industry 3.67× 600
Manufacturing · Sector 2.23× 233,840
Machine Shops · National industry 1.86× 3,980
Management of Companies and Enterprises · Sector 1.39× 32,120
Solar Electric Power Generation · National industry 1.31× 150
Other Building Equipment Contractors · National industry 0.97× 1,220

Part of the Marketing & Sales career cluster.

Exposure quadrant: AI task-overlap percentile vs Median pay Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products sits at the 89th percentile of AI task-overlap and the 57th percentile of median pay, placed here against 9 adjacent occupations on the same two axes. Lower overlap · higher pay Higher overlap · higher pay Higher overlap · lower pay Lower overlap · lower pay Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products Retail Salespersons Purchasing Managers Sales Engineers Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products Advertising Sales Agents Procurement Clerks AI task-overlap percentile → ↑ Median pay
AI task-overlap percentile (horizontal) vs. median-pay percentile (vertical), across all scored occupations. This occupation is highlighted; related occupations are plotted alongside it. Overlap measures shared tasks with AI, not automation.

Side-by-side comparisons place two occupations’ pay, preparation, skills, and AI exposure on the same page — same data, same scale, no forecast.

What you can do with this

Options the data surfaces for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products — not advice or a forecast. Each is a real cross-link you can follow into the evidence.

Write a report on thisheadline · factoids · citation

Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products show 89th-percentile AI task overlap — and about 114,800 annual U.S. openings

  • Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products rank in the 89th percentile (High band) for AI task overlap across U.S. occupations — a measure of how much of the work today's AI can attempt, not how much is automated.Eloundou et al. (GPTs are GPTs) + Felten AIOE
  • The occupation is projected to see about 114,800 U.S. job openings per year (2024–34), counting growth and replacement — a labor-demand projection made independently of AI.BLS Employment Projections 2024–34
  • BLS projects employment to be about average (+0.3%) from 2024 to 2034.BLS Employment Projections 2024–34
  • Median annual pay is $66,780, across about 1,266,860 U.S. workers.BLS OEWS (May 2024)
  • Of the AI use actually observed for this work, 55% looks like augmentation (drafting, iterating, checking) rather than hands-off automation — from a Claude.ai usage sample, not a census.2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2
Copy the whole kit
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products show 89th-percentile AI task overlap — and about 114,800 annual U.S. openings

• Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products rank in the 89th percentile (High band) for AI task overlap across U.S. occupations — a measure of how much of the work today's AI can attempt, not how much is automated. (Eloundou et al. (GPTs are GPTs) + Felten AIOE)
• The occupation is projected to see about 114,800 U.S. job openings per year (2024–34), counting growth and replacement — a labor-demand projection made independently of AI. (BLS Employment Projections 2024–34)
• BLS projects employment to be about average (+0.3%) from 2024 to 2034. (BLS Employment Projections 2024–34)
• Median annual pay is $66,780, across about 1,266,860 U.S. workers. (BLS OEWS (May 2024))
• Of the AI use actually observed for this work, 55% looks like augmentation (drafting, iterating, checking) rather than hands-off automation — from a Claude.ai usage sample, not a census. (2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2)

Source: Singulariki — "Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products". https://singulariki.com/roles/role-41-4012-00
Note: AI task overlap measures what today's AI can attempt, not automation, job loss, or a forecast.

AssetsShare imageMethodology & sourcesPress & newsroomThe newsroom

Every line is built only from figures this page already shows and cites. AI task overlap means what today's AI can attempt — not automation, job loss, or a forecast.

Sources for this page

Every figure above traces to a named public dataset and the exact release below — not hand-written opinion. See the full methodology for what each measure does and does not mean.

Data compiled June 2, 2026. Figures are estimates, not advice.

Cite this page
Plain

Singulariki. "Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products." Singulariki: a source-backed encyclopedia of work. Built from O*NET 30.3; BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) May 2024; BLS Employment Projections 2024–2034; Anthropic Economic Index v4 (2026-01-15) + v2 (2025-03-27); Microsoft “Working with AI” working-with-ai; “GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.) arXiv 2303.10130; AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) Felten, Raj & Seamans; ILO / Gmyrek et al. GenAI exposure gradient 2025; IBS O*NET-SOC ↔ ISCO-08 occupation crosswalk 2022; Frey & Osborne (2013) frey-osborne-automation; Dingel & Neiman (2020) dingel-neiman-workathome. Accessed June 7, 2026. https://singulariki.com/roles/role-41-4012-00

APA

Singulariki. (2026). Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products. Singulariki: a source-backed encyclopedia of work. Retrieved June 7, 2026, from https://singulariki.com/roles/role-41-4012-00

BibTeX
@misc{singulariki-role-41-4012-00,
  title  = {Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products},
  author = {{Singulariki}},
  year   = {2026},
  note   = {O*NET 30.3; BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) May 2024; BLS Employment Projections 2024–2034; Anthropic Economic Index v4 (2026-01-15) + v2 (2025-03-27); Microsoft “Working with AI” working-with-ai; “GPTs are GPTs” (Eloundou et al.) arXiv 2303.10130; AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) Felten, Raj & Seamans; ILO / Gmyrek et al. GenAI exposure gradient 2025; IBS O*NET-SOC ↔ ISCO-08 occupation crosswalk 2022; Frey & Osborne (2013) frey-osborne-automation; Dingel & Neiman (2020) dingel-neiman-workathome. Accessed June 7, 2026},
  url    = {https://singulariki.com/roles/role-41-4012-00}
}

Citations name the underlying public dataset releases — they reflect what this page is built from, not just the URL.

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